Relevant Research

ASD and Vaccines:

• Uno, Y., Uchiyama, T., Kurosawa, M., Aleksic, B., & Ozaki, N. (2015). Early exposure to the combined measles–mumps–rubella vaccine and thimerosal-containing vaccines and risk of autism spectrum disorder. Vaccine, 33(21), 2511–2516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.12.036

• Goin-Kochel, R. P., Mire, S. S., Dempsey, A. G., Fein, R. H., Guffey, D., Minard, C. G., … Boom, J. A. (2016). Parental report of vaccine receipt in children with autism spectrum disorder: Do rates differ by pattern of ASD onset? Vaccine, 34(11), 1335–1342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.008

• Rosenberg, Karen. (2015). MMR Vaccine Doesn't Increase Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk. American Journal of Nursing: The Leading Voice of Nursing Since 1900, 115(8), 59–59.

• Filliter, J. H., Dodds, L., MacDonald, N., Shea, S., Dubé, E., Smith, I. M., & Campbell, L. A. (2017). The next vaccine-autism question: Are school-aged youth with autism spectrum disorder undervaccinated and, if so, why? Paediatrics & Child Health, 22(5), 285–287. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxx083 

• Children With ASD Less Likely to Get Vaccines. (2018). ASHA Leader, 23(6), 12. https://doi.org/10.1044/leader.NIB2.23062018.12

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Possible Causes of ASD:

• Bagasra, O., & Heggen, Cherilyn. (2018). Autism and environmental factors. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

• Landrigan, P. J., Lambertini, L., & Birnbaum, L. S. (2012). A research strategy to discover the environmental causes of autism and neurodevelopmental disabilities. Environmental Health Perspectives, 120(7), A258–A260. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104285

• Yu, T., Chahrour, M., Coulter, M., Jiralerspong, S., Okamura-Ikeda, K., Ataman, B., … Lim, E. (2013). Using Whole-Exome Sequencing to Identify Inherited Causes of Autism. Neuron, 77(2), 259–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.11.002

• Amaral, D. G. (2017). Examining the Causes of Autism. Cerebrum : the Dana Forum on Brain Science, 2017. PMID: 28698772

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The Hygiene Hypothesis:

• Scudellari, M. (2017). News Feature: Cleaning up the hygiene hypothesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(7), 1433–1436. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1700688114

• Scott-Jupp, R. (2013). Enterovirus and the hygiene hypothesis. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 98(10), 780. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-304967 

• Clough, S. (2011). Gender and the hygiene hypothesis. Social Science & Medicine, 72(4), 486–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.11.021